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04/30/2012
Butler, Oops, Stumbler did it!
Butler, Oops, Stumbler did it!
…and I am Sid Harth@mysistereileen.com
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Sid Harth – इदं न मम
www.cogitoergosuminc.com/?paged=2Jan 21, 2012 – 16 hours ago – …and I am Sid Harth@sidileak.com ….. 18th thousands of sites will go dark to protest SOPA & PIPA, two US bills racing through …
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TOTAL BLACKOUT: STOP! SOPA STOP! « Bookle+
www.topcogitoergosum.com/?p=768Jan 21, 2012 – 16 hours ago – …and I am Sid Harth@sidileak.com ….. 18th thousands of sites will go dark to protest SOPA & PIPA, two US bills racing through …
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SOPA-PIPA Soap Opera: ACT-II – cogito ergo sum
www.sidileak.us/2012/01/sopa-pipa-soap-opera-act-ii.htmlJan 19, 2012 – Stop SOPA and PIPA | google.com www.google.com/takeaction Tell … TOTAL BLACKOUT: SOPA DOPE « My Sister Eileen – Sid Harth …
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BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, OOPS, TRAINING YOU! – cogito …
www.sidileak.us/…/big-brother-is-watching-you-oops-training-you.ht…5 days ago – 16 hours ago – …and I am Sid Harth@sidileak.com ….. 18th thousands of sites will go dark to protest SOPA & PIPA, two US bills racing .
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US Free Speech? Bah, Humbug! « इदं न मम
mysistereileen.com/?p=2174Apr 23, 2012 – www.sidileak.us/2012/01/sopa-pipa-soap-opera-act-ii.html. Jan 19, 2012 – 22 hours ago – My Sister Eileen: Sid Harth. mysistereileen.com/.
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public « Search Results « News, Views and Reviews: Sid Harth
cogitoergosumusa.com/search/public/?cat=3News, Views and Reviews: Sid Harth … Newt-Marianne (Grin and bear it,) Soap Opera · SOPA-PIPA Soap Opera: ACT-II · Now you have done it, James Mason, …
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OBITUARY COLUMN: BPI, 1144, no More « Thus Spake Sid Harth
sidharthspeaketh.com/2012/02/…/obituary-column-bpi-1144-no-mor…Feb 8, 2012 – …and I am Sid Harth@sidharthspeaketh.com …. It has become clear that, at this point, neither SOPA, PIPA nor OPEN is a viable answer.
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इदं न मम
www.cogitoergosumdesign.com/?cat=embychjiybu&paged=2Apr 6, 2012 – sopa-pipa-soap-opera-act-ii.ht… Jan 19, 2012 – SOPA. January 14, 2012. Sunday in the Park With George: Sid Harth Everything you always …
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Keystone XL Pipeline Busted by Obama « Foreign Policy and I
www.arabuhuru.org/2012/01/…/keystone-xl-pipeline-busted-by-oba…Jan 24, 2012 – Nov 9, 2011 – Foreign Policy and I « My Sister Eileen: Sid Harth … …… editorials and background on the so called “SOPA and PIPA bills.
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PAID NEWS « Americas: Sid Harth
www.cogitoergosumclub.com/?p=73Jan 20, 2012 – News, Views and Reviews: Sid Harth …… Newt-Marianne (Grin and bear it,) Soap Opera · SOPA-PIPA Soap Opera: ACT-II · Now you have …
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@mysistereileen.com Hacktivists « इदं न मम
mysistereileen.com/?p=1610Apr 3, 2012 – @mysistereileen.com Hacktivists ….. Mar 10, 2012 – Jun 19, 2011 – 7 hours ago – @mysistereileen.com @www.npr.org #mysistereileen, Oops, …
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Thanks, FOREIGN AFFAIRS « इदं न मम – My Sister Eileen
mysistereileen.com/?p=1709Apr 6, 2012 – @mysistereileen.com Hacktivists. April 3, 2012. My Sister Hillary: Sid Harth. Everything you always ….. Say Rah-Rah-Sis-Boom-Pah-Palin – Sid Harth Sid Harth …
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@mysistereileen.com Hacktivists
https://plus.google.com
@mysistereileen.com Hacktivists
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Twitter / Sid Harth: @mysistereileen.com Hackti …
twitter.com/elcidharth/statuses/187127804092104704mysistereileen.com Hacktivists http://t.co/FWItAKCY. … @mysistereileen.com Hacktivists bit.ly/HTKbz3 about 18 hours ago via TypePad · elcidharth. Sid Harth …
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Become a Fan – इदं न मम
www.holyhinducowwhatnow.com/?ref=topbarApr 14, 2012 – mysistereileen.com/?p=1709. Apr 6, 2012 – @mysistereileen.com Hacktivists. April 3, 2012. My Sister Hillary: Sid Harth. Everything you always …
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अथ राज्यस्य खंडस्फुटप्रतीसंस्करण …
mysistermarilynmonroe.org/…/अथ-राज्यस्य-खंडस्फुटप्रत/Apr 13, 2012 – @mysistereileen.com Hacktivists « इदं न मम. mysistereileen.com/?p=1610. Apr 3, 2012 – Mar 6, 2012 – 4 days ago – Jun 1, 2011 – 2 …
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cogitoergosumworld.com – PageInsider.com
www.pageinsider.com/cogitoergosumworld.comHacktivists Force Pause in Australian Net Censorship « Censorship … @mysistereileen.com @wsj.com #Censorship@wsj.com | Cogito Ergo Sum World June …
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इदं न मम – My Sister Eileen
www.cogitoergosumdesign.com/?m=isndjomhsl&paged=229Jun 25, 2011 – 8 comments on “Hacktivists Force Pause in Australian Net Censorship”. My Sister Eileen: Sid Harth » @mysistereileen.com @wsj.com …
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इदं न मम – हिन्दू तर्क शास्त्रद्न्य सिद्धार्थ
greatcogitoergosum.com/?pag__&paged=25Jul 5, 2011 – My Sister Eileen: Sid Harth | Everything you always wanted to know ….. My dear Robert Naiman, I am Sid Harth · @mysistereileen.com Hacktivists …
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इदं न मम
livecogitoergosum.com/?paged=272www.imagesexplore.info/?h=mysistereileen.com&q=iran+full …. My dear Robert Naiman, I am Sid Harth · @mysistereileen.com Hacktivists · Guns Don’t Kill, …
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@mysistereileen.com Hacktivists
https://plus.google.com@mysistereileen.com Hacktivists
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Computer Coolies Stay Away: Sid Harth – aus.politics | Google Groups
groups.google.com.au/group/aus.politics/…/22addcea706e2ea3Computer Coolies Stay Away: Sid Harth http://cogitoergosum.co.cc/2010/08/25/computer-coolies-stay-away-sid-… Indian Call Center. Outsourced Call Centers …
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Who is Sid Harth ??? [Archive] – eCharcha.Com
5 posts - 3 authors - May 19, 2002http://www.puneflash.com/marathi/m-nav.htm. Sid Harth…”If Marathi brat boys/computer coolies like Marathi so much, how come they have no …
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Computer Coolies Need not Apply: Sid Harth – soc.culture.tamil …
groups.google.com/group/soc.culture.tamil/…/cf2204ff1d48bba22 posts - 1 author - Aug 9, 2010http://navanavonmilita.wordpress.com/2010/08/09/computer-coolies-need… Computer Coolies Need not Apply: Sid Harth. WSJ Blogs Digits …
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Ahmed Diwan’s Ass Whupped: Sid Harth
reocities.com/Athens/Forum/1050/ahmedd02.htmlhttp://www.rediff.com/news/2000/jan/29us1.htm. Sid Harth…”These Hindu, Brahmin brat boys and computer coolies are armed and dangerous to the safety and …
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FairfieldLife : Message: Re: Sid Harth vs David Frawley
groups.yahoo.com/group/FairfieldLife/message/59887Jul 1, 2005 – This is an Article by Sid Harth. > > Of Sin, Schwing … brigade, California fornicating computer coolies, David Frawley don’t get along. That is the …
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Computer Coolies Stay Away: Sid Harth – soc.culture.arabic …
groups.google.com.uy/group/soc.culture…/22addcea706e2ea3Aug 25, 2010 – Computer Coolies Stay Away: Sid Harth http://cogitoergosum.co.cc/2010/08/25/computer-coolies-stay-away-sid-… Indian Call Center …
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Hindu Sense of Justice: Sid Harth
www.starbacks.ca/Athens/Forum/1050/india47.htmlSid Harth,India, Pakistan,Hindu, Muslim,Kashmir,Racism,Poverty,Illiteracy,Child Slavery. … Bunch of computer coolies broke the law and handcuffed in America, …
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Computer Coolies‘ Ass Fried: Sid Harth
www.oocities.org/tikakar/india50.htmlComputer Coolies‘ Ass Fried. By Sid Harth. One idiotboy, Vinay Kumar Reddy of Aspen Colorado thought it was wise to dump his morning offering to mother …
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Hindutva Terrorism: Sid Harth « Hindutva
www.bigcogitoergosum.com/?p=118Sep 3, 2011 – +Harth&num=100 … Madhav was enticed into ‘Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh,’ ‘RSS,’ modeled … Sid harth on California computer coolies.
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Computer Coolies Need not Apply: Sid Harth « News, Views and …
technologytoday.com/computer-coolies-need-not-apply-sid-harth-«-…Aug 9, 2010 – Computer Coolies Need not Apply: Sid Harth. WSJ Blogs Digits.
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NetStumbler
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Indian Outsourcing Sorcery: Sid Harth – Digg
digg.com/news/technology/Indian_Outsourcing_Sorcery_Sid_HarthHow unpopular are Indian outsourcing companies from India in the U.S.? They can manage to unite squabbling Democrats and Republicans in the Senate.
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Indian Outsourcing Sorcery: Sid Harth – soc.culture.singapore …
groups.google.com/group/soc.culture…/browse…/8aeee46e9abc05f2Aug 9, 2010 – Senator Charles Schumer. Indian Outsourcing Sorcery: Sid Harth. U.S. Senate Targets India Outsourcers Posted by: Bruce Einhorn on August 8, 2010 …
Report Card: Work in Progress – soc.culture.usa – Feb 9, 2011
Hindu Superstition: Sid Harth – soc.culture.indian.marathi … – Apr 21, 2010
I Write, Therefore I am : Sid Harth – soc.culture.indian – Oct 1, 2009
Outsourcing Sorcery: Sid harth – soc.culture.indian – Aug 13, 2009
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Outsourcing Sorcery and I – News, Views and Reviews: Sid Harth
www.sidileak.us/2012/02/outsourcing-sorcery-and-i.htmlFeb 17, 2012 – Jul 5, 2011 – My Sister Eileen: Sid Harth | Everything you always wanted to know … … Can’t say the same about Bill when he’s outsourcing …
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Hindutva: Sid Harth – cogito ergo sum
www.sidileak.us/2012/02/hindutva.htmlNews, Views and Reviews: Sid Harth Everything you always wanted to know about India and … WW III, Oops, A Prequel | Main | Outsourcing Sorcery and I » …
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Re: Outsourcing Sorcery: Sid harth
omgili.com/…/10dc7eb9-e76c-41bb-9dcd-…Aug 9, 2009 – Re: Outsourcing Sorcery: Sid harth. … media, retail and government could soon start outsourcing their back- office work. Moreover, local …
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Holy Hindu Cow! What Now? Starbucks in Bombay? « Americas and I
sidileaks.net/2012/…/holy-hindu-cow-what-now-starbucks-in-bomba…Jan 30, 2012 – Hindu Hoodlum Dharun Ravi Scandal Update 2 60. Indian Outsourcing Sorcery: Sid Harth 60 antilla-mukesh-ambanis-billion-dollar-home 60.
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US (Fucked-up) Foreign Policy and I « Sid Harth Sid Harth
www.sidharthsidharth.net/?p=2284Feb 19, 2012 – Cogito Ergo Sum I think, Therefore, I am Sid Harth …. The Wall Shit Journal and I · Outsourcing Sorcery and I · Hindutva: Sid Harth · WW III, …
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Outsourcing Sorcery: Sid harth – .soc.culture.indian
www.freag.net/en/t/tigm/outsourcing_sorAug 1, 2009 – www.aei.org www.afl-cio.org www.cato.org www.cwa-union.org www.corpwatch.org www.cfr.org www.epi.org www.globalsecurity.org …
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Page not found « News, Views and Reviews: Sid Harth
cogitoergosumusa.com/horoscopes/?paged=34News, Views and Reviews: Sid Harth … Donald Walsch · The Wall Shit Journal and I · Outsourcing Sorcery and I · Hindutva: Sid Harth · WW III, Oops, A Prequel …
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Dumb and Dumber News From India « Thus Spake Sid Harth
sidharthspeaketh.com/2012/02/…/dumb-and-dumber-news-from-indi…Feb 4, 2012 – Subbumian Zindabad: Sid Harth « …and I am Sid Harth ….. Outsourcing Sorcery and I « News, Views and Reviews: Sid Harth says: …
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Rupert Murdoch’s Requiem: Sid Harth « Foreign Policy and I
www.arabuhuru.org/2012/02/11/rupert-murdochs-requiem-sid-harth/Feb 11, 2012 – Aug 13, 2011 – Jun 11, 2011 – Free Speech, American Ishtail: Sid Harth The Wall Shit Journal and I: Sid Harth Posted on 11/06/2011 by Sid …
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INDIA: NOT FOR SALE « Thus Spake Sid Harth
sidharthspeaketh.com/2012/02/20/india-not-for-sale/Feb 20, 2012 – Control Free Speech? … Oct 5, 2011 – Global Village: Sid Harth Just another WordPress site Bookle+: Sid Harth It’s the Budget, Stupid Sample …
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Thus Spake Sid Harth
sidharthspeaketh.com/2012/03/…/नरेन्द्र-मोदी-योगी-महोद…Mar 1, 2012 – Control Free Speech? Over my dead body! … Jan 27, 2012 – Too Sexy for Your Party, Narendra Modi: Sid Harth « Wassup? …. Latest news …
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Hello world! « Thus Spake Sid Harth
sidharthspeaketh.com/2012/01/04/hello-world/Hello world! January 4, 2012. Thus Spake Sid Harth: Control my Free Speech? Over my dead body! Search. Sid Harth 140 personal results and 119000 other …
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Sid Harth – इदं न मम
www.cogitoergosuminc.com/?paged=2Apr 4, 2012 – Jan 25, 2012 – SOPA STOP! « My Sister Eileen. mysistereileen.com/?p=89. 6 days ago – Jul 31, 2011 – Free Speech, India Ishtail: Sid Harth …
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US Free Speech? Bah, Humbug!
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Sample Page « …and I am Sid Harth
www.cogitoergosumonline.com/?page_id=2Black Money and Hindutva Saffron Honey: Sid Harth | Cogito Ergo Sum World says: July 4, 2011 at 6:59 am. [...] Sample Page ← Free Speech, India Ishtail: Sid …
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Rupert Murdoch’s Requiem: Sid Harth « इदं न मम
mysistereileen.com/?p=581Feb 29, 2012 – Nov 6, 2011 – Free Speech, American Ishtail: Sid Harth The Wall Shit Journal and I: Sid Harth Posted on 11/06/2011 by Sid Harth Saturday, …
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Terrorism, Hindu Ishtail: Sid Harth « Hindutva
www.bigcogitoergosum.com/?p=19Jul 18, 2011 – heated-hate-speech-hotline-sid-harth/. Jun 22, 2010 – Every Muslim should be a terrorist.” ….. Hindu Hate-(Free)-Speech: Sid Harth. 13 yr old …
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Of Hindutva and Pornotva: Sid Harth « Americas and I
sidileaks.net/2012/02/07/of-hindutva-and-pornotva-sid-harth/Feb 7, 2012 – Of Free Speech, Archana Khare, Oops, Salman … – Sid Harth Sid Harth. www.sidharthsidharth.com/?p=1881. Jan 22, 2012 – Cogito Ergo Sum …
free encyclopedia
| Developer(s) | Marius Milner |
|---|---|
| Stable release | 0.4.0 / April 2004 |
| Operating system | Windows 9x (with version 0.3.30), Windows 2000, Windows XP |
| License | Donationware |
| Website | www.stumbler.net |
NetStumbler (also known as Network Stumbler) is a tool for Windows that facilitates detection of Wireless LANs using the 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11g WLAN standards. It runs on Microsoft Windows operating systems from Windows 2000 to Windows XP. A trimmed-down version called MiniStumbler is available for the handheld Windows CE operating system.
The program is commonly used for:
- Wardriving
- Verifying network configurations
- Finding locations with poor coverage in a WLAN
- Detecting causes of wireless interference
- Detecting unauthorized (“rogue”) access points
- Aiming directional antennas for long-haul WLAN links
As of February 2010, the author is working on an updated version that will work correctly with Windows Vista and Windows 7.[1]
Alternatives
- inSSIDer was created as an open-source alternative to Network Stumbler for the current generation of Windows operating system.
- Vistumbler is an alternative to Network Stumbler for Vista and newer Windows operating systems, it is open source project written in AutoIt scripting language.[2]
- Kismet for Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, and Mac OS X
- KisMAC for Mac OS X
References
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- This page was last modified on 13 January 2012 at 01:08.
- Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of use for details.
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Marius Milner @mariusm Spent my day off talking to Franchise Tax Board, car insurance companies and police; and gained a second colony of bees. #strangestdayever
First #earthquake I’ve noticed in a while. Very small one. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/dyfi/events/nc/71745995/us/index.html
That’s a BIG glass of gin. http://instagr.am/p/HF2gGJlHEx/ via @instagram
Chris Killpack @killpack Sometime after 2002 – that’s when Coldplay stopped trying.
Wireless Everywhere: Military tech company develops spray-on wifi and antenna booster http://www.tecca.com/news/2012/02/15/camtech-spray-on-wifi-antenna-signal-booster-google-solve-for-x/ via @tecca
I’m Matthew Crawley! Which #DowntonAbbey character are you? http://bit.ly/rZch8M via @wetatvfm Analyze that, @archere!
Michael Pollan @michaelpollan Kick the Can: An important new public health campaign on soda from CA public health advocacy. http://p2.to/1iik
The best wife in the world gave me the best Valentine’s Day present ever: A #Banksy book. http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1844137872/ref=as_li_qf_sp_asin_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=stumblerdotne-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1844137872
I would trust @jeffmorgen to get me very, very drunk. Off to make a round of Amaretto Sours now. http://www.jeffreymorgenthaler.com/2012/i-make-the-best-amaretto-sour-in-the-world/
RIP, Whitney. http://youtu.be/8QaI-M9sxW4
jeffmorgen @jeffmorgen I make the best Amaretto Sour on the planet: http://www.jeffreymorgenthaler.com/2012/i-make-the-best-amaretto-sour-in-the-world/
Imagine a world without Big Food: Raj Patel’s modest proposal. http://p2.to/1ic5
Karen Wickre @kvox Love this. “Words journalists use that people never say” by @Fast_Horse http://fasthorseinc.com/blog/2012/02/08/words-journalists-use-that-people-never-say/ h/t @Toby_Ziegler
Posted without comment: http://xkcd.com/1014/ #photographers
Longform @longform “Escape From the Holy Shtetl” A young woman’s attempt to flee Hasidic Judaism: http://long.fm/zGcae6 (by Mark Jacobson, @NYMag ’08)
Can Works In the Public Domain be Re-Copyrighted? Supreme Court Says YES – http://bit.ly/wpVUQ0
Twitter told me my acct had been compromised, and indeed I found 3 spammy tweets in it. They’re deleted now. #stupidhackers
Yeah! I just got one of the first #Spotify accounts in the US. Click here to check if you are also eligible for one. http://bit.ly/get-spotify
@playglitch does this mean the next test will be twice as awesome?
Have you checked out The Heist for your iPhone yet? It sold 500,000 copies in its first week! http://theheistapp.com #TheHeist
Dave Meldrum @vicardave RT @ANOakley: Anyone who can bring a unicycle into their #eurovision act and pretend to be garden gnomes deserve to win. Go #Moldova !
I HAVE NYANED FOR 9094.1 SECONDS! http://nyan.cat via @nyannyancat
Matt Darby @mxdarby Playlist of videos which are extra-hilarious with the 1911 effect enabled: http://goo.gl/FbrBC #aprilfools #youtube
Maker Shed @MakerShed The folks @makershed are giving away an iPad! Follow @makershed and RT to enter. I just did! http://bit.ly/fW8WR1
@bjango you might want to fix this: http://pastebin.com/XW1GZDAb it’s making iStat menus crash in an infinite loop
I joined Twitter on the 9th of May 2007 (1,346 days ago). Find your age at http://www.twuration.com/
…seldom attack a human. #160charsfail
I AM EMBARRASSED TO SAY THAT THE LAST SOUND I MASTERED WAS -10dBFS RMS, SORRY ABOUT THAT. I WILL OVERCOMPRESS NO MORE. #DYNAMICRANGEDAY
SORRY FOR SHOUTING BUT GOOGLE DYNAMIC RANGE DAY TO FIND OUT WHY, OH, AND TURN IT UP WOULD YOU PLEASE #DYNAMICRANGEDAY
Announcing the iPad Nano: http://imgur.com/UJ6jQ.png #iPad
Jason Calacanis @Jason WIN a free Apple iPad –> Retweet: “follow @jason + @contests to win a free Apple iPad #freeappleipad
@bevmeldrum Dexys Midnight Runner Beans #musicalfruitandveg
@sfosth the obvious next book would be ‘Adventures of Huckleberry Finn’. I can’t remember if that is currently banned anywhere.
@sfosth you should get your goats to stand on a cup on a tightrope while a monkey does a handstand on the goat’s head. http://bit.ly/152taa
Would ride a road train: http://bit.ly/1LMbFA
@audit you should try going in there with an Android phone.
Was that really live from the international space station? #u2webcast
Thanks @muse for getting the CD of #TheResistance to me a day early. This album is full of win!
RT @coldplay: Coldplay’s new live album is now available to download free, from http://lrlrl.coldplay.com/leftright.html (site slow for me)
Today is Velociraptor Awareness Day. Be aware of the ever present threat. http://digg.com/d1gbTO
@LizzieMilner how’s the sermon? whatcha want for dinner?
@ktfantin36 whatcha writing? Sentences of 140 characters or fewer?
@kharzinski Map #127: Some quick work on Google reveals the farmhouse here: http://tinyurl.com/d84npp
Sending Christmas cards out late this year. If you don’t normally get one from me, get yours at http://www.flatulent.org/christmas2008
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Read the full press release here.
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The most important is the receive sensitivity of your equipment. Many manufacturers fail to publish this data, but those that do will generally rate their radios by dBm at various data rates. As an example, let us take the venerable ORiNOCO Gold 802.11b “Classic” card. Its receive sensitivity is:
- -94 dBm at 1 Mbps
- -91 dBm at 2 Mbps
- -87 dBm at 5.5 Mbps
- -82 dBm at 11 Mbps
In theory this means, in order to operate at 11 Mbps, this card must be consistently receiving a minimum signal level of -82 dBm. Any less and it is likely to drop to one of the lower rates; if you get as low as -94 dBm then the connection may drop altogether. As I mentioned before, many manufacturers do not quote their receive sensitiviy for their adapters; if you have one of these, I suggest picking a conservative figure such as -76dBm at 11 Mbps, which is the number for the Belkin F5D6020.
The signal level you receive in an unobstructed environment depends on the transmitter power, the gain of the two antennas involved, and the distance between them, as well as any loss between the antenna and the radio at each end.
In practice, radio waves behave unpredictably in a number of ways. First, the signal will fade out due to multipath effects (radio waves that bounce off objects and increase or decrease the signal that you receive). The further the receiver is from the transmitter, and the more objects between them, the higher this effect will be. Walls, people, electronic equipment, rain/snow/ice/fog are all quite effective at decreasing your signal level. In a typical home or small office environment without too many obstructions, a 10dB variation in signal level is quite normal. So, if you are looking at a NetStumbler scan and the signal is consistently around -65 dBm, it could drop to -75 dBm when somebody comes over to talk to you.
Summary so far:
(Received signal) = (transmit power) – (loss between transmitter and antenna) + (transmit antenna gain) – (path loss) – (multipath and obstruction loss) + (receive antenna gain) – (loss between antenna and receiver)
In order to operate, (received signal) must be greater than (receiver sensitivity).
Another factor is noise. This is “background” radio-frequency junk that your receiver can “hear” but needs to reject. Sources of noise include other wireless networks, cordless phones, microwave ovens, radio hams, medical equipment, Like other radio phenomena, noise may be highly variable. Many wireless network adapters do not report noise, so if you’re using NetStumbler with them then you can’t even tell how much noise you have in your environment. A typical urban location these days might have an average noise level around -95 dBm. When you switch on the microwave oven or take a call on your 2.4GHz phone, this value will increase. I’ve seen a 2.4GHz phone produce -50 dBm of noise, which is enough to saturate some Wi-Fi radios and thus kill their connection completely.
Let’s take these concepts and combine them. In order to operate, the actual signal level at your receiver needs to be higher than the noise level. The actual signal level varies depending on signal fade, so if you measured -75 dBm one day, it might drop to -85 dBm occasionally. On most radios this is sufficient to make it drop to a lower data rate, and on some it will cause the connection to drop altogether. Likewise your background noise might be around -98 dBm, but then your neighbor takes a call on her cordless phone and it jumps to -78 dBm. With multipath effects, this is sufficient to make your connection drop randomly.
My conclusion, therefore, is:
Q: What signal level should I consider usable for a good wireless link?
A: Depends on your equipment and your environment.
Mon 13 Dec 2004
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Data Engineer in Google Case Is Identified
By STEVE LOHR and DAVID STREITFELD
Published: April 30, 2012
At the center of the uproar over a Google project that scooped up personal data from potentially millions of unsuspecting people is the company software engineer who wrote the code.
Paul J. Richards/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
The Street View project, a plan to photograph and map the world’s streets, also involved gathering information about local wireless networks.
Google has declined to identify the engineer, as has the Federal Communications Commission. The F.C.C. recently closed its 17-month inquiry into the project, Street View, with a finding that Google broke no laws but had obstructed its investigation.
The agency also said it was unable to resolve all the issues it was considering because the engineer — whom it referred to in its report on the inquiry as Engineer Doe — cited his Fifth Amendment right and declined to talk.
Now a former state investigator involved in another inquiry into Street View has identified Engineer Doe. The former investigator said he was Marius Milner, a programmer with a background in telecommunications who is highly regarded in the field of Wi-Fi networking, essential to the project.
On his LinkedIn page, Mr. Milner lists his occupation as “hacker,” and under the category called “Specialties,” his entry reads, “I know more than I want to about Wi-Fi.”
The former state investigator spoke on the condition that he not be identified because he was not authorized to speak. Although the F.C.C. declined to identify the engineer, a footnote in the full text of its report said Google told the agency the identity of Engineer Doe “only because it had disclosed his name to state investigators on December 17, 2010.”
Google declined to comment.
Mr. Milner, in a brief conversation on his doorstep in Palo Alto, Calif., Sunday night, said he could not answer any questions. He recommended calling a lawyer, Martha Boersch, who he said represented him. “She speaks for me,” he said.
Ms. Boersch declined to comment Monday. A solo practitioner, her work focuses on state and federal false claims act, fraud, antitrust and securities cases. She worked as a federal prosecutor in San Francisco from 1992 to 2004.
The Street View project was an ambitious plan to photograph and map the world’s streets that also involved gathering information about local wireless networks to improve location-based searches.
A Google engineer went a step further, however, the F.C.C. report said, and included code to collect unencrypted data sent from homes by computers — e-mails and Internet searches — as specially equipped cars drove by. That data collection occurred from 2007 to 2010.
Google long maintained that the engineer was solely responsible for this aspect of the project, which resulted in official investigations, some still unresolved, in more than a dozen countries. But a complete version of the F.C.C.’s report, released by Google on Saturday, has cast doubt on that explanation, saying that the engineer informed at least one superior and that seven engineers who worked on the code were all in a position to know what was going on.
The F.C.C. report also had Engineer Doe spelling out his intentions quite clearly in his initial proposal. Managers of the Street View project said they never read it.
Depicting his actions as the work of a rogue “requires putting a lot of dots together,” Mr. Milner said enigmatically Sunday before insisting again he had no comment. He said he was closely following the news reports on the issue.
Before joining Google in 2003, Mr. Milner worked at Lucent Technologies and Avaya, communications and computer networking companies, according to his LinkedIn page.
Mr. Milner created a program called “NetStumbler,” the page also says, and describes the early version of NetStumbler as “the world’s first usable ‘Wardriving’ application for Windows.”
The F.C.C. report notes that wardriving is “the practice of driving streets and using equipment to locate wireless local-area networks using Wi-Fi, such as wireless hot spots at coffee shops and home wireless networks.”
To design Street View’s code for locating wireless hot spots, the F.C.C. report states, “Google tapped Engineer Doe.”
The engineer — Mr. Milner’s LinkedIn entry says he has worked at Google’s YouTube subsidiary since November 2008 — wrote the code during the 20 percent of work time that the company gives employees to pursue ideas on their own, Google told the F.C.C., according to the agency’s full report.
In 2010, after it became clear that Google’s Street View project was collecting e-mail and other personal data, Google hired a computer investigations firm, Stroz Friedberg, to examine how the software program worked.
The outside investigator’s report was named, “Source code analysis of gstumbler,” the name for the Street View application initially used inside Google. The Stroz Friedberg report does not name the developer of the gstumbler program, or other engineers who worked on Street View. Stroz Friedberg declined to comment on its work for Google.
Locating and communicating effectively with Wi-Fi networks is an essential capability for mobile computing. It is an important tool in smartphone software like Google’s Android, Apple’s iOS and Microsoft’s Windows Phone, both for communicating and often for location-based services like shopping guides and Foursquare, an application that shows users when friends are nearby.
Data beamed from wireless networks guide those location services. But, according to industry executives and analysts, there are different approaches to using Wi-Fi transmissions. The minimal approach, they say, is to collect data on the access point and strength of the signal. That is the equivalent of the Wi-Fi network saying, “Here I am, and here’s what I can do.”
A Google rival in location software, Skyhook Wireless, takes the minimal approach, said Ted Morgan, chief executive, while Google does not.
“Google is routinely grabbing a lot more data,” Mr. Morgan said.
Skyhook is suing Google, contending that it pressured smartphone makers to drop commitments to use the firm’s location software. Google denies the charges, and the suit is pending.
A few years ago, Mr. Morgan said, Skyhook looked at whether gathering more data would help pinpoint locations more accurately. After conducting some experiments, his specialist firm failed to see a benefit for location services.
Mr. Morgan participated on an F.C.C. panel last June on privacy and location data in general, but he was not deposed as part of the agency’s investigation.
Other analysts are skeptical about the “lone engineer” explanation that Google clung to for so long. But they say that for an internal project, like Street View, a small group of engineers, working independently, was probably responsible. That is especially true at Google, where engineers rule and data is viewed as a precious asset.
“This is the thinking of an engineer — grab the data and worry about filtering it out later,” said Al Hilwa, a former software developer and manager, who is an analyst at the research firm IDC. “That’s the engineering mind-set, especially at Google.”
A version of this article appeared in print on May 1, 2012, on page B1 of the New York edition with the headline: Data Engineer In Google Case Is Identified.
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